Banging in Water Pipes: Causes & Solutions For Water Hammer

Have you ever been startled by a sudden banging noise coming from your walls after shutting off a faucet or when the washing machine stops filling? This phenomenon, commonly known as “banging in pipes” or “water hammer,” can be more than just a noisy annoyance; it may signal underlying issues in your plumbing system that need attention. In this article, we’ll explore what causes these sounds, the potential damages they can inflict on your plumbing, and how you can effectively solve and prevent them. Our goal is to arm you with knowledge and solutions to keep your home’s plumbing in top shape.

What Causes Banging in Pipes?

Banging in pipes, technically known as water hammer, occurs when a water faucet or valve is suddenly closed, causing a shockwave that travels through the pipes. This shockwave can create a hammering or banging sound that may be loud enough to be heard throughout a home. The phenomenon is not just a harmless sound; it’s a surge of pressure that can stress your plumbing system.

Understanding the Mechanics

When water is suddenly stopped by closing a faucet, the momentum of the water needs to go somewhere. In a confined space like a pipe, this momentum transforms into a wave of high pressure, ricocheting back and forth within the pipes. This is similar to the shock you feel when you abruptly stop while running at full speed. Without proper damping mechanisms, such as air chambers or water hammer arrestors, this energy results in loud noises and can potentially cause damage over time.

Causes of Banging in Pipes

Understanding why banging occurs is crucial to addressing it effectively. Here are the primary causes:

1. High Water Pressure: Residential plumbing systems are typically designed for pressures of 40-60 psi. Pressures above this range can accelerate water flow, increasing the risk and intensity of water hammer when valves close.
2. Quick-Closing Valves: Appliances like washing machines and dishwashers have solenoid valves that shut off water abruptly. This rapid closure is a common trigger for water hammer.
3. Lack of Air Chambers: Modern plumbing systems often include air chambers or vertical pipes that trap air, cushioning the shock when water flow is suddenly stopped. Older homes may lack these features or they may have become waterlogged over time.

Impacts on Plumbing Systems

The effects of water hammer can be detrimental to your plumbing system’s health and longevity:

• Damage to Pipes and Joints: Continuous shockwaves can lead to leaks or bursts in pipes, especially at weak joints or in older piping materials.
  Effects on Appliances and Valves: The repeated shocks can wear out appliance valves and connectors prematurely, leading to malfunctions and leaks.
• Noise Disturbances: Aside from the physical damage, the noise generated by banging pipes can be a significant disturbance in homes.

Solutions and Prevention

Addressing and preventing water hammer requires a combination of adjustments and installations:

• Install Water Hammer Arrestors: These devices, installed near quick-closing valves, absorb the shockwave triggered by the abrupt stopping of water, preventing the banging noise.
• Adjust Water Pressure: Installing a pressure reducing valve where your main water supply enters the home can help manage high water pressure and reduce the risk of water hammer.
• Upgrade to Slow-Closing Valves: Consider replacing valves on appliances with models that close more gradually, reducing the momentum of stopping water and thus the impact of shock waves.

Maintenance Tips

Regular maintenance can help mitigate the effects of water hammer:

• Check and Maintain Air Chambers: Periodically drain and refill air chambers to ensure they are not waterlogged.
• Monitor Water Pressure: Regularly check your water pressure with a gauge to ensure it stays within the safe range.

Conclusion

Understanding and addressing the causes and effects of banging in pipes is essential for maintaining a healthy plumbing system. Regular checks and appropriate upgrades can help mitigate this issue, ensuring your home remains quiet and damage-free.

Get Help With Water Hammer

If you’re experiencing persistent issues with banging in your pipes, it might be time to call in the experts. Contact your local roto rooter today for a thorough inspection and tailored solutions to protect your plumbing system.